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耶鲁大学开放课程—心理学导论 01A

作者: 活动推荐 2010年08月14日 14:46

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心理学导论
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(2)[A] / [B] / [C] / [D] / [E] / [F]
(3)[A] / [B] / [C] / [D] / [E] / [F]
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I'd like to welcome people to Introduction to Psychology.

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My name is Dr. Paul Bloom.

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I'm professor of this course.

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If you haven't pick up the syllabus in front of the class

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Please raise your hand.

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Are we... Are we have syllabus?

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Please raise your hand

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and the teaching fellow will bring it to you

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If you don't have the syllabus.

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The syllabus is also available on this website

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This website will become important to you to

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assist you to take this class.

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It will include the syllabus

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which will occasionally be revised

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well and advance

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Also all of the class material will be on the site

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including copies of slides I'm presenting

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including this slides right now.

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Practice and exam

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and every ditail on the reading assignments

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So you have to use this website regularly

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to keep in touch with the course

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Today will be a short class

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What I just wanna do today is orient you

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tell you what this course is about

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I know this is a shopping period

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and I'll give you a good sence

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what you be in for, if you took this course.

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I wanna go over

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the style of the classes,

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the evaluation the readings and so on.

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And then I'll give you some examples

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of some of the specific topics that would be covering.

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But before I get started,

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I have to point out something a little bit unusual about this class

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We're being filmed.

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This course is one of the seven courses chosen to begin

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the Yale University Open Educational Resourse Vidio Lecture Project

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And what's this means is,

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that when the year's over

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these vidioes well be on the internet,

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free for anybody who wants to see them.

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And ideally will be access by people across many different countries

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some of them wouldn't normally have access

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to the university education

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I see this is a good and honorable

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use of Yale resources.

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and of course, this is a part of

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Yale's plan for world domination.

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So, because of this, Yale University Production Team

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from the Center of Media Initiatives

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is gonna be taping all the class in there up there.

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The idea is that

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this should be the as honor truth as possiable

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and the classroom experence should have centrally be the same

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as they're not there.

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So there attention to tape the lecture

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to tape me and sometimes the slides,

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but not tape your faces or voices.

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So we're not having you sign the release forms

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Two things, one thing is

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personally, I have to remind myself not to use profanity

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'Cause children maybe watching.

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So, I'll try not to do that

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Result to another complex thing

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If you're in the front roll,

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or second roll or third roll

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It's possible that some part of your head,

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your back or even your face

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might end up on the film.

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If you're on a witness protection program

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or you're sort of fugitive

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you probably don't want to sit on the front roll.

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If people wanna kind of slide back,

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that's fine,

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as I'm talking

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Okay, we're ready.

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I'd like to welcome people to this course, Introduction to Psychology.

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My name is Dr. Paul Bloom.

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I'm professor of this course.

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And what this is going to be

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is a comprehensive introduction to the study of the human mind.

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So, we are going to cover a very, very wide range of topics

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including brains, children, language, sex,

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memory, madness, disgust,

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racism and love, and many others.

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We're going to talk about things like the proper explanation

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for differences between men and women;

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the question of whether animals can learn language;

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the puzzle of what grosses us out;

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the problem of why some of us eat too much

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and what we could do to stop;

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the question of why people go crazy in groups;

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research into

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whether you could trust your childhood memories;

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research into why some of us get depressed and others don't.

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The style of this is there'll be two lectures a week,

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as well as course readings.

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Now, to do well in the course,

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you have to attend both the lectures and do the readings.

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There will be some overlap.

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In some cases,

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the lectures will be quite linked to the readings.

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But there will be some parts of the readings

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that will not find their way into the lectures,

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and some lectures--some entire lectures

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that will not connect at all to the readings.

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So, to pursue this course properly

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you have to do both.

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What this means is that

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if you miss a class you need to get notes,

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and so you should get them from a friend or from the person sitting next to you.

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The slides are going to be made available online.

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So, one of the things you don't have to do is you don't have to write this down.

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You take notes any way you choose,

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but if you don't get anything on there

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it'll be available online.

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I'm going to post it in a format which will be black and white

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and easy to print out

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so you don't have to worry about this.

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But again,

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attending to the slides is not a substitute for attending class.

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There's a textbook,

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Peter Gray's Psychology, 5th edition,

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and there's also a collection of short readings,

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The Norton Reader edited by Gary Marcus.

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It's an excellent textbook;

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it's an excellent collection,

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and you should get them both.

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They're available at Labyrinth bookstore on York Street

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or you get them online.

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I should note that last time I taught the course

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I used the Marcus Reader,

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and when Professor Marvin Chun taught his course last semester

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he used Peter Gray's 5th edition textbook.

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So, there may be a lot of used copies floating around.

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You should feel free to try to get one of those.

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The evaluation goes like this.

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There is a Midterm and there is a Final.

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The Final will not be held in the exam period,

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because I like to take long vacations.

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It will be held the last day of class.

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The exams will be multiple choice and short answer,

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fill in the blank, that sort of thing.

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Prior to the exams I will post previous exams online,

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so you have a feeling for how these exams work and so on.

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There will also be review sessions.

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Starting at the beginning of the third week of class

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that is not next week but the week after on each Monday

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I'm going to put up a brief question or set of questions,

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which you have to answer

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and your answers need to be sent to your teaching fellow.

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And you'll be given a teaching fellow, assigned one, by Friday.

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This is not meant to be difficult.

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It's not meant to be more than five, ten minutes of work,

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but the point of the question,

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--15, 20 minutes of work,

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but the point of the question is to motivate people

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to keep up with the material and do the readings.

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These questions will be marked pass, fail.

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I expect most everybody could pass all of the questions

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but it's just to keep you on track and keep you going.

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There is a book review, a short book review,

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to be written towards near the end of the class.

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I'll give details about that later on in the semester.

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And there's also an experimental participation requirement,

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and next week I'll hand out

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a piece of paper describing the requirement.

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The point of the requirement is to give you all experience

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actually seeing what psychological research is about

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as well as to give us

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hundreds of subjects to do our experiments on.

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The issue sometimes comes up as to

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how to do well in the course.

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Here's how to do well.

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Attend all the classes.

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Keep up with the readings.

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Ideally, keep up with the readings before you come to class.

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And one thing I would strongly suggest is to form some sort of study groups,

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either formally or informally.

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Have people you could talk to

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when the--prior to the exams or—

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she's patting somebody next to her.

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I hope you know him.

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And in fact, what I'm going to do,

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not this class because it's shopping period.

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I don't know who's coming next class, or what

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but I'll set up a few minutes prior,

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at the beginning of the class,

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for people just to introduce

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themselves to the person next to them

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so they have some sort of resource

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in the class.

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Now, this is a large class,

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and if you don't do anything about it,

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it can be very anonymous.

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And some of you may choose to pursue it that way
 
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欢迎大家来到心理学导论的课堂

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我是保罗·布罗姆博士

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是本门课程的教授

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如果还有同学没领取教室前面的教学大纲

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请举手示意我

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我们有教学大纲吧

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请举手示意我

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研究生助教会发给你

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如果你还没领到教学大纲的话

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大家也可以在这个网站上下载教学大纲

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这个网站将会成为你学习本门课程

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的得力助手

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网站上资源里有教学大纲

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我会不定期更新

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会非常及时

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所有的课程资料也会放在网上

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包括我所展示的幻灯片

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包括我现在放的这个课件

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还有关于练习 考试

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和每一次阅读作业的细节要求

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所以大家要经常登录这个网站

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以获取最新的课程信息

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今天的课会很简短

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只是帮助大家理清本课程的研究方向

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介绍一下课程

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我知道课程都在预选阶段

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所以我希望让大家

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对课程有一个整体感知

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首先我会向大家展示

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本门课程的安排与考核

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以及会涉及书目等等

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接下来我会给出一些

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我们会涉及话题的具体实例

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但在我开始之前

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我要告诉大家这个课程的一点特别之处

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我们会被录像

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本课程是"耶鲁大学公开视频课程计划"

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的七个实验课程之一

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那么这也就意味着

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在本年度结束时

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所有的视频录像都会在网上

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免费对所有人开放

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希望它能够通过网络传播到各个国家

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为无法通过正常渠道接受大学教育的人们

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提供便利

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我视此为耶鲁之荣

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更是对资源的充分利用

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当然 这也是耶鲁建立

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"世界学术霸权"的大计

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因此 来自媒体创新中心的

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耶鲁大学节目制作组

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将会在教室后面全程录制本课程

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00:02:37,430 --> 00:02:39,160
这一计划的目标在于

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00:02:39,160 --> 00:02:42,050
让全世界看到真实的耶鲁课堂

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00:02:42,050 --> 00:02:45,130
让观看录像的人们获得与在座各位

59
00:02:45,130 --> 00:02:46,280
同样的知识

60
00:02:46,740 --> 00:02:49,840
因此他们需要录制的是课程

61
00:02:49,840 --> 00:02:53,610
也就是我和后面的幻灯片

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00:02:53,610 --> 00:02:55,760
而不会拍摄同学们

63
00:02:55,760 --> 00:02:58,130
所以没有让各位签署授权协议

64
00:02:58,590 --> 00:02:59,460
两点需要说明 第一

65
00:02:59,460 --> 00:03:04,540
就我而言 我会尽量注意自己的言辞

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00:03:04,540 --> 00:03:05,740
因为可能会有孩子观看

67
00:03:05,950 --> 00:03:07,410
所以我会很注意

68
00:03:07,410 --> 00:03:09,530
另一件事情就是

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00:03:09,530 --> 00:03:12,050
如果你们坐在第一排

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00:03:12,590 --> 00:03:14,190
或者前几排

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00:03:14,190 --> 00:03:15,780
那么你们的头部

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00:03:15,780 --> 00:03:17,600
背部甚至脸部

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00:03:17,600 --> 00:03:20,330
都可能被镜头扑捉到

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00:03:20,330 --> 00:03:24,090
如果你在证人保护计划之内

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00:03:24,480 --> 00:03:26,600
或者是个逃犯级人物

76
00:03:26,600 --> 00:03:29,410
就尽量不要坐在前排了

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00:03:30,010 --> 00:03:32,760
各位要是现在想换到后排 就放心换

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00:03:32,760 --> 00:03:33,940
没关系的

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00:03:33,940 --> 00:03:35,030
我不介意

80
00:03:36,210 --> 00:03:37,490
好 我们可以开始了

81
00:03:39,720 --> 00:03:45,110
欢迎大家选择心理学导论这门课程

82
00:03:45,120 --> 00:03:46,780
我是保罗·布罗姆博士

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00:03:46,780 --> 00:03:48,430
负责教授本门课程

84
00:03:49,590 --> 00:03:51,480
本课程旨在让大家

85
00:03:53,720 --> 00:03:57,020
在宏观上对人类心智研究形成基本的认识

86
00:03:57,860 --> 00:04:01,810
因此我们讨论的主题会非常之广泛

87
00:04:01,810 --> 00:04:04,440
其中囊括了大脑 儿童 语言 性

88
00:04:04,440 --> 00:04:06,100
记忆 狂躁 厌恶

89
00:04:06,100 --> 00:04:09,010
歧视以及爱恋等等

90
00:04:09,010 --> 00:04:12,430
我们将会探讨的问题诸如

91
00:04:12,430 --> 00:04:14,550
如何合理解释两性差异

92
00:04:15,310 --> 00:04:18,730
动物究竟能否学习语言

93
00:04:19,110 --> 00:04:21,400
我们作呕究竟因何而起

94
00:04:21,400 --> 00:04:24,220
为何我们有些人会进食过量

95
00:04:24,220 --> 00:04:26,370
而我们又该如何阻止

96
00:04:26,410 --> 00:04:29,330
为何当人们融入团体时会变得疯狂

97
00:04:30,150 --> 00:04:31,110
我们同样关注

98
00:04:31,110 --> 00:04:33,370
你能否相信自己的儿时记忆

99
00:04:33,990 --> 00:04:37,330
以及为何抑郁只存在于一部分人中

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00:04:38,640 --> 00:04:41,650
这门课一周两节

101
00:04:43,750 --> 00:04:46,450
也会有指定的阅读材料

102
00:04:46,450 --> 00:04:48,360
要想在这门课中取得好成绩

103
00:04:49,160 --> 00:04:52,630
必须要认真听讲 用心阅读指定书目

104
00:04:52,630 --> 00:04:54,260
两者内容会有些重叠

105
00:04:54,570 --> 00:04:55,450
有时

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00:04:55,450 --> 00:04:57,640
讲课的内容与阅读内容紧密相连

107
00:04:57,640 --> 00:05:00,030
但部分的阅读内容

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00:05:00,030 --> 00:05:02,050
并不会在课上进行讨论

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00:05:02,050 --> 00:05:04,400
也会有一些课堂内容

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完全与阅读材料无关

111
00:05:07,380 --> 00:05:09,930
因此 想要学好这门课程

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00:05:09,930 --> 00:05:11,630
你就必须两者兼顾

113
00:05:12,400 --> 00:05:13,610
这也就意味着

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00:05:13,610 --> 00:05:15,810
如果你落下了一节课 你就要看笔记

115
00:05:16,090 --> 00:05:20,130
你可以向朋友或者身边的同学借来看

116
00:05:20,620 --> 00:05:24,260
我会把幻灯片放到网上

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00:05:24,560 --> 00:05:27,990
你不用抄我的课件

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你可以用自己的方式做笔记

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00:05:30,270 --> 00:05:31,980
但如果你不想记笔记

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也大可直接下载课件

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00:05:33,890 --> 00:05:37,000
我会把它做成黑白板式上传

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方便同学打印

123
00:05:38,690 --> 00:05:40,500
所以完全不用担心笔记问题

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00:05:40,510 --> 00:05:41,380
但我要强调

125
00:05:41,380 --> 00:05:46,090
看课件绝对不可能替代上课

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00:05:47,090 --> 00:05:48,430
我们的教材是

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彼得·格雷的《心理学》 第五版

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00:05:52,910 --> 00:05:55,520
我们的阅读书目是

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00:05:55,520 --> 00:05:58,140
格雷·马库斯主编的《诺顿读本》

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00:05:58,210 --> 00:06:00,000
这是一本非常经典的教材

131
00:06:00,000 --> 00:06:01,310
当然读本也同样精彩

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00:06:01,380 --> 00:06:02,700
要求大家两本书都有

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00:06:02,700 --> 00:06:06,950
你能够在约克街的迷宫书店买到

134
00:06:06,980 --> 00:06:08,500
或者网购

135
00:06:08,800 --> 00:06:10,940
告诉大家一个小秘密 上一期课我用了

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00:06:10,940 --> 00:06:12,970
我指定的教材是马库斯的读本

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00:06:12,970 --> 00:06:16,730
上学期马文·春教授指定的是

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00:06:16,730 --> 00:06:19,660
彼得·格雷的第五版教材

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00:06:19,680 --> 00:06:22,080
所以会有很多旧书

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00:06:22,080 --> 00:06:24,730
大家大可以光明正大地拿来用

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00:06:25,750 --> 00:06:27,540
下面我们来说分数

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期中和期末我们各有一次考试

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00:06:30,490 --> 00:06:33,270
期末考试不会拖到考试周

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00:06:33,270 --> 00:06:35,360
因为长假的魅力实在太大

145
00:06:35,360 --> 00:06:38,050
所以我把考试安排在了最后一次课上

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00:06:38,550 --> 00:06:42,120
题型分为单项选择 简答

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00:06:42,120 --> 00:06:43,830
还有填空之类的

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00:06:43,830 --> 00:06:47,840
考试前我会把历年真题放在网上

149
00:06:47,840 --> 00:06:51,830
以便大家熟悉考试模式

150
00:06:51,830 --> 00:06:53,780
还会同时上传复习大纲

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00:06:54,390 --> 00:06:57,220
本课程将于开学后三周开课

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也就是自下下周开始 每周一上课

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00:07:01,100 --> 00:07:04,670
我会提出一系列问题

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00:07:04,670 --> 00:07:06,030
要同学们思考并回答

155
00:07:06,360 --> 00:07:09,420
大家的答案要在周五前交给研究生助教

156
00:07:09,420 --> 00:07:13,820
周五会将各位研究生助教安排给你们大家

157
00:07:14,320 --> 00:07:15,970
这个作业不会很难

158
00:07:15,970 --> 00:07:19,080
几分钟就能完成

159
00:07:19,080 --> 00:07:20,370
这个作业的目的

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00:07:20,370 --> 00:07:22,750
要十几到二十分钟完成吧

161
00:07:22,860 --> 00:07:26,070
这个作业的目的在于激励大家

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00:07:26,070 --> 00:07:28,990
跟上课程的进度并去阅读材料

163
00:07:28,990 --> 00:07:31,210
这些作业会被评为"及格"或"不及格"

164
00:07:31,210 --> 00:07:34,290
我希望大家在所有的问题上都能及格

165
00:07:34,290 --> 00:07:37,160
但这只是想让大家不要掉队 督促一下

166
00:07:37,190 --> 00:07:41,020
我们还要写一篇简短的书评

167
00:07:41,080 --> 00:07:43,440
在临近期末的时候完成

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00:07:43,440 --> 00:07:45,990
我在之后的课上会给大家讲详细的要求

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00:07:45,990 --> 00:07:49,270
我还要求你们以被试的身份去参加实验

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00:07:49,370 --> 00:07:50,780
下个星期我会给你们

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00:07:50,780 --> 00:07:53,070
一份关于要求的介绍

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00:07:53,070 --> 00:07:55,970
这项要求的重点在于让你们去亲身体会

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00:07:56,310 --> 00:07:59,620
看看心理学到底在研究些什么

174
00:07:59,620 --> 00:08:00,710
同时也能够为我们的研究

175
00:08:00,710 --> 00:08:03,120
提供数百名的被试

176
00:08:04,110 --> 00:08:06,120
有时会有同学问到

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00:08:06,120 --> 00:08:09,120
如何才能学好这门课程

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00:08:10,380 --> 00:08:12,140
下面我来告诉你们该怎样做

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00:08:13,000 --> 00:08:14,510
不要缺课

180
00:08:14,510 --> 00:08:15,900
一定要阅读指定的材料

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00:08:15,900 --> 00:08:19,970
最好是在上课前就已经阅读过指定材料

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00:08:20,050 --> 00:08:25,120
我强烈建议大家建立一些学习小组

183
00:08:25,120 --> 00:08:26,850
正式的或非正式的都可以

184
00:08:26,850 --> 00:08:28,770
这样 在考试之前

185
00:08:28,770 --> 00:08:31,100
你就能和大家一起讨论

186
00:08:31,100 --> 00:08:33,100
她拍了下她旁边的人

187
00:08:33,100 --> 00:08:34,640
希望你能认识他

188
00:08:36,810 --> 00:08:41,020
事实上 我会安排大家相互认识

189
00:08:41,020 --> 00:08:43,020
这节课不会了 因为这是节试听课

190
00:08:43,020 --> 00:08:44,940
我不知道下节课会有谁来 有什么情况

191
00:08:44,940 --> 00:08:46,520
不过我会在课程开始的时候

192
00:08:46,520 --> 00:08:47,830
先安排几分钟

193
00:08:47,830 --> 00:08:49,060
让你们向前后左右的同学

194
00:08:49,060 --> 00:08:50,680
进行一番自我介绍

195
00:08:51,280 --> 00:08:53,400
这样你们就能在这个班里

196
00:08:53,400 --> 00:08:54,940
认识一些新同学了

197
00:08:56,160 --> 00:08:59,030
这是一门大班课程

198
00:09:00,080 --> 00:09:01,870
如果你并不打算和周围人相互介绍的话

199
00:09:01,870 --> 00:09:03,270
也就不会有什么人能够认识你了

200
00:09:03,290 --> 00:09:05,760
也许你们有些人会选择这种做法

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